Earthing Calculation Software
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Hi, I'm a bit new at substations grounding and I have given myself an exercise to do it for a 1 MVA 11/0.4kV kiosk substation but I need assistance please: 1. Is there any Free software that can help me with this? Elecard Converter Studio Avc Hd Edition Serial Number here.
A friend of mine at work uses a decent software in his department (ETA Power Station). I was surprised when he showed me the screen for the soil resistivity: you specify only the cover, upper layer (and its depth) and lower layer.
Shouldn't there be a procedure to go on site and use a 'Shepperd' stick (vertical rod with battery and two electrodes) and take measurements across several points on the site? And if that is done, what do I do with all this 'valuable' earth resistance site survey if a software as powerful as ETAPS does not need it? I understand that IEEE 80 and the rest of the stuff is more towards 'zone substations'/'outdoor switch yards' with sizeable area. What about a 1 MVA kiosk substation? Historically, i think all that is required was two deep driven electrodes, one at the HV and one at the LV sides. As i'm trying to understand this better, the fault level of this substation at the LV side is around 25kA.
From the equation giving the voltage at a distance r away from the electrode or the grid: Vr = Icc * rho / (2 * pi * r) if the short circuit current Icc alone is 25kA, the Vr will be in the order of 3-4 kV, which is way above the acceptable level of a step voltage (should be not more than 100V if the protection trips in 0.1s to my understanding, maybe IEEE 80 allows a bit more). So if this calculation is correct, has it been 'always wrong' to use only a couple of rods, and indeed a grid that covers and extends beyond the area where people might be standing near the substation? I hope someone has a short and quick step by step guide they would like to share. Looking forward to some instructions:) RE: Earthing resistance and calculations. Hi Marmite, Thanks for your reply. I was just reading the other post where they say the same: well two questions: 1. It seems on that post they say IEEE 80 notes that only the HV side of the fault is to be considered.
I would like to question this a bit, in the ETA Power Station document i'm reviewing, you do a short circuit calculation on the network, you say which buses to include in the fault, and it will pass on to the earthing module the highest kA value, which obviously would be from the LV side of the transformer. Maybe the LV bus should not be selected in the first place to be included in the short-circuit calculation? If so, ok, lesson learnt. Regarding the 3-4kV from 400V, ok, let's consider it's the HV side, if the utility has a fault level of 250MVA, then at 11kV primary, the fault level is 13kA.